Guhera muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka wa 2026 , Portugal izemerera kugerageza imodoka zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryiyobora (autonomous vehicles) mu mihanda rusange, hashingiwe ku itegeko rishya rishyiraho amabwiriza akomeye ku mutekano, ubwishingizi no kugenzura.
Imodoka zifite sisiteme zo kugenda nta mushoferi zizemererwa gukoreshwa mu mihanda rusange hagamijwe kuzigerageza. Nyuma y’itegeko ryemejwe n’Inama y’Abaminisitiri mu mpera za Mata, ryasohowe mu Igazeti ya Leta mu cyumweru gishize, rizatangira kubahirizwa muri Nyakanga.
Uru rwego rushya rw’amategeko ruvuga ko gutwara imodoka zitagira umushoferi bizafasha kugira ubwikorezi bugera kuri bose, cyane cyane ku bantu batabasha gutwara kubera ubumuga cyangwa izindi mpamvu.
Leta ya Portugal kandi ivuga ko bizafasha gushyiraho ibisubizo bishya mu bwikorezi bw’abantu n’ibintu, bikagabanya imikoreshereze idakwiye y’imodoka zigenga kandi bigatuma uburyo bwo gutwara burushaho gukora neza.
Mu bikorwa, iri tegeko rishyiraho uburyo bwo kugerageza izi modoka mu mihanda rusange, ariko habaho uruhushya rwihariye no kubahiriza ibisabwa birimo umutekano, tekiniki n’imikorere.
Igerageza rizakorwa n’ama-laboratoire y’ubushakashatsi, za kaminuza n’ibigo bikora mu rwego rw’imodoka, ubwikorezi n’ibikorwaremezo.Kimwe mu bisabwa bikomeye ni ubwishingizi buhambaye, nk’ ubwishingizi ntarengwa bugomba kuba incuro enye ugereranyije n’ubusanzwe, kugira ngo bwishyure ibyangiritse ku bantu cyangwa ku mitungo byatezwa n’izi modoka.
Ibigo bizakora ibi, bizanategura gahunda yo kugabanya ingaruka zishobora kuvuka kandi bigaragaze ko bifite ingamba z’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga (cybersecurity) zo kurinda ko habaho kwinjira mu buryo butemewe muri sisitemu z’izi modoka.
Igerageza rigomba kandi kumenyeshwa mbere,nyuma yaryo hagomba gutangwa raporo irimo ibisobanuro by’impanuka cyangwa ibindi bibazo byabaye.Umushoferi n’umuntu ushinzwe sisitemu zigenga bagomba kuba bafite uruhushya rwo gutwara rumaze nibura imyaka 6, kandi batigeze bakora ibyaha byo mu muhanda mu myaka 5 ishize.
Mu gihe cy’igerageza, umuvuduko ntarengwa mu muhanda uzagabanywaho kilometero 20 ku isaha. Igipimo cy’inzoga mu maraso kizahuzwa n’icy’abashoferi b’umwuga, kandi nta muntu wemerewe gukora akazi ke k’igihe kirenze amasaha atatu adahagarara, agahabwa ikiruhuko cy’isaha imwe nibura.
Imodoka zizakoreshwa muri ibi bizamini zigomba kugira sisitemu zifata amakuru arambuye, nk’imikorere ya sisitemu yo gutwara, uwafashe icyemezo cyo kuyiyobora, umuvuduko, uko imikorere ya deregisiyo na feri byifashe, n’inyandiko y’ibikorwa byose cyangwa ubufasha byakozwe n’umushoferi .
Zigomba kandi kubika amakuru ku mabwiriza yatanzwe kure (remote commands) no ku itumanaho n’izindi modoka, ibikorwaremezo by’imihanda n’imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga.
Impushya zatangiwe mu bindi bihugu zizemerwa muri Portugal, ariko hagomba gusabwa ko zemezwa n’umuyobozi w’Ikigo gishinzwe ubwikorezi n’imodoka IMT (Institute for Mobility and Transport).
BIGENIMANA DIDIER/IGIRE.RW
